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| Articles about Epigenetics |
| Epigenetics: Mother's Diet during Pregnancy can affect Grandchildren | | 2006-11-14 14:38:10 | | [This post also appears in the General Evolution News category]Oakland, California: A new study by scientists at Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute (CHORI) is the first to show that a mother's diet during pregnancy influences the health of her grandchildren by changing the behavior of a specific gene. The study was conducted using mice of an unique strain called 'viable yellow agouti' also known as A-vy in scientific terms. These mice possesss a gene that influences the color of their coats as well as their tendency to become obese and develop diabetes and cancer. The new research shows that the diet consumed by a pregnant Avy mouse affects the health of not only her pups, but also their pups - her grandchildren.The study will be published in the November issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) and was conducted by CHORI Scientist David Martin, M.D., and Assistant Scientist Kenneth Beckman, Ph.D., in collaboration with Drs. Jennifer Cropley and Catherine Suter from the Victor Chang Heart Institute in Sydney, Australia. In their experiments, the scientists fed some Avy mice a standard lab diet based on common foods consumed by humans. Other mice were fed this same diet supplemented with common nutritional supplements including folate, choline, betaine, vitamin B12, zinc and methionine.The supplements were fed to the mice for a week during mid-pregnancy. The offspring were examined for their coat color, and female offspring were themselves mated again (without a supplemented diet) to produce a third generation of 'grandchildren.' The results showed that the supplements changed the behavior of the agouti gene in the first generation of pups, shifting their coats towards a brown color, and had the same effect on pups born in the next generation to mice that were not exposed to the supplemented diet.Continued at "Epigenetics: Mother's Diet during Pregnancy can affect Grandchildren" [Evolution, Science]------- Based on the P... | | By: Evolution Research - Main Blog | | |
| | The Changing Concept of Epigenetics (New York Academy of Sciences) | | 2006-07-23 04:42:40 | | The Changing Concept of EpigeneticsAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 981: 82-96. (2002)Eva Jablonka and Marion J. LambCohn Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Ideas, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, IsraelABSTRACT: We discuss the changing use of epigenetics, a term coined by Conrad Waddington in the 1940s, and how the epigenetic approach to development differs from the genetic approach. Originally, epigenetics referred to the study of the way genes and their products bring the phenotype into being. Today, it is primarily concerned with the mechanisms through which cells become committed to a particular form or function and through which that functional or structural state is then transmitted in cell lineages. We argue that modern epigenetics is important not only because it has practical significance for medicine, agriculture, and species conservation, but also because it has implications for the way in which we should view heredity and evolution. In particular, recognizing that there are epigenetic inheritance systems through which non-DNA variations can be transmitted in cell and organismal lineages broadens the concept of heredity and challenges the widely accepted gene-centered neo-Darwinian version of Darwinism.technorati tags: epigenetics, new+york, academy, jablonka, lamb, cohn, institute, genetic, genes, phenotype, cells, medicine, agriculture, heredity, evolution, inheritance, dna, darwinian, darwinism, tel+aviv
... | | By: Evolution Research - Main Blog | | |
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