| Myocardial infarction reffers to the process by which myocardial tissue is destroyed in regions of the heart that are deprived of their blood supply after closure of the coronary artery or one of its branches, either by a trhombus or through obtruction of the vessel lumen by atherosclerosis. Arterial hypertention and diabetes are also underlying causes.Preventive MeasuresEpidemiological studies and observations by cardiologists reveal that there are coronary risk factors that tend to make an individual more prone to develope coronary heart disease. This information is important in the prevention of premature coronary heart disease as well as forestalling recurring episodes in patients with known atherosclerotic disease.These factors include as a following:Hypercholesterolemia, elevated blood lipidHypertensionElevated Blood Glucose (Diabetes Mellitus)ObwsityHabitual dietary intake of excessive calories, total fats, cholesterol, carbohydrates and salt.Physical inactivityCADThrombus formationCigarette smokingPositive family historySymptom and SignThe patient with myocardial infarction is usually male, is over 40 and has arterosclerosis of coronary vessel and often arterial hypertention. However, the patient my be in his early 30's or even 20's. In typical patient, the pain start suddenly, usually over the lower sternal region and upper abdomen, and is continous more than 30 minutes with the pain character such as crushing, vise-like, griping, but it may increase steadily in severity until it become almost unbeareable.It is heavy vise-like pain, which may radiate to the shoulders and down the arms, usually in the left arm. Unlike the pain of true angina, it become spontaneously (not following effort, emotional upset, etc), persist for hour of days, and is releived neither by rest nor by nitrites. The palse may become very rapid, irregular, and feeble, even imperceptible , and the heart may dilate. Gallp rhythm (accentualed third heart sound making the three heart s |
