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| Articles about Revolution |
| ETF revolution | | 2008-05-11 01:50:45 | | Exchange-traded funds have graduated from popular equity indexes to everything ranging from crude oil to the Japanese yen. Here's a look at this evolving investment structure, as well as a list of the newest and most popular ETFs.No longer are exchange-traded funds (ETFs) merely another way to invest in equity or fixed-income indexes. ETFs have evolved, branching into new frontiers that offer traders more ways to participate in nearly any financial arena.ETFs are big business. According to the Investment Company Institute, a national association representing U.S. investment companies, U.S. ETFs had combined assets of $572 billion in November 2007 and while that was down a bit from October, it's a huge jump from 12 months earlier (see "Growth market," right). While well-established ETFs, such as Standard & Poor's Depository Receipts (SPDRs, pronounced "spiders," which track the S&P 500) and QQQQs (pronounced "Qs" or "cubes," which track the Nasdaq 100) continue to contribute to this rap | | By: Finance fantasy | | |
| | Revolution MoneyExchange $25 Sign-Up Bonus Last Chance | | 2008-05-10 16:27:43 | | Revolution MoneyExchange previously extended their $25 sign-up bonus offer until May 15, 2008, so this may be your last chance to take advantage of this free and simple $25 bonus offer for the Revolution MoneyExchange service.
Although this $25 bonus offer from MoneyExchange may be extended once again, you might want to sign up for this [...] | | By: MaximizingMoney.com | | |
| | Logitech MX Revolution Mouse Review | | 2008-05-05 00:20:41 | | Welcome to my review of the Logitech MX Revolution laser mouse.To start off, I would like to say that this is the best of the best of mice. Logitech has always been at the forefront of computer peripherals, and there is a reason for that; quality. Seeing as my other mouse broke, I decided to upgrade and buy a really nice one, so I wouldn't have to keep replacing them. When I had purchased my previous mouse, I saw the MX Revolution and instantly wanted it. But the $99.99 price tag turned me away from buying it. So why did I buy it now you ask? Well, through my Best Buy rewards program I got a coupon for 12% off, and $10 off, so it was only $80. Now, on to the features of the mouse.The mouse feels very nice in the hand, with a form fitting thumb rest, and ridges to guide your ring finger and pinky into place. This mouse has a ton of buttons. There are two scroll wheels, forward and back buttons (for your internet browser), and a quick search button. The mouse also sports a very good lase | | By: Stuff Blog | | |
| | $25 Free Signup Bonus With Revolution Money Exchange - Alternative To PayPal! (US Citizens Only) | | 2008-05-01 08:55:02 | | Revolution Money Exchange is a new peer to peer money exchange program that plans to challenge PayPal by offering free on-line money transfers. That’s right. No more complicated fee structures to decipher (and pay!) when sending or receiving money on-line. I love the convenience of PayPal, but I hate paying the fees!
Here is a little information about the service and how you can get $25 just to try it out!
What is Revolution Money Exchange? Revolution Money Exchange is an on-line money transfer company that allows people and merchants to exchange money without paying fees. It’s free to register, add money, send money, receive money, request money and withdraw electronically to a bank account. There are fees to withdraw money by check or to receive a paper statement.
How is Revolution Money Exchange Different from PayPal? The biggest difference is in the fee structure, but there are several other notable differences. With Revolution Money Exchange, the only fe | | By: Online Business Opportunities In Network Marketing | | |
| | HP-BCR Revolution Airbrush | | 2008-04-20 16:24:00 | | HP-BCR Revolution AirbrushStart off airbrushing with the industry leader - Iwata. Made for users at all levels, this top-of-the-line Revolution Series brush is a great value. With breakthrough technology and performance, this airbrush outperforms all others in its price range. Its features include: an internal mix airbrush; ergonomic handle design; fine detail to 1-1/2" spray pattern; larger nozzle and needle combination (0.5-mm) that makes for easier spraying of thicker or heavier paints; redes | | By: Airbrush Reviews | | |
| | Bush's Unnoticed Revolution . . . | | 2008-04-15 11:02:43 | | In his 2004 reelection campaign the president talked much about creating an ownership society. After his plan to overhaul social security failed it seemed as though Bush's plans would be for naught.
The construction of Bush's ownership society is already underway however and should serve as a surprise to Democrats who wanted to stop it. Democrats keep telling us that Bush's Capital Gains taxes...
Click the Headline Link to Visit Copious Dissent and Read the Full Story.
| | By: Copious Dissent - Your Daily Dose of Liberty | | |
| | Nokia’s 6212 with Bluetooth NFC: Let the pairing revolution begin! | | 2008-04-15 00:16:00 | | Filed under: Cellphones
This is the day we've been waiting for. While the 3G Nokia 6212 classic doesn't look like much, what it lacks in style is more than made up by the genius of Bluetooth-enabled Near Field Communication. If you remember the video we showed you way back in March of 2007, the combo makes device pairing and transferring content like photos, video, music, calendar data, contacts, etc. as easy a touching the phone to a NFC-enabled picture frame, cellphone, speaker, or headset like Nokia's own NFC-variant of the BH-210. It will also work with NFC payment systems. According to Jeremy Belostock, the Head of Near Field Communications at Nokia, "NFC-capable handsets such as the Nokia 6212 classic are set to change the way mobile phone users interact with devices and services in their surroundings." You said it Jeremy, you said it. Expected to start shipping in Europe and Asia in the Q3 for about €200. Read | Permalink | Email this | | By: Computer Advice | | |
| | The Wildhearts, "The Revolution Will Be Televised", video | | 2008-04-14 23:16:00 | | El próximo mes de junio sale a la venta un nuevo DVD de The Wildhearts titulado "Live in the Studio". Aquí os ofrecemos el video de "The Revolution Will Be Televised" que se incluirá en dicho DVD.
www.thewildhearts.com
www.myspace.com/thewildhearts
Festivaleros :: Música, Conciertos y Festivales
| | By: Festivaleros | | |
| | | | In The Groove/Dance Dance Revolution Updates; New Screen Capture | | 2008-04-13 14:02:08 | | guyl3 of the iPod Touch Fans community forums is still hard at work with his In The Groove / Dance Dance Revolution game which he started working on mid-March (see here). guyl3 has released another preview screenshot of his extensive work in progress.
Here is a shot of the Mode Select screen, below:
guyl3 stated that this game [...] | | By: Touch Podium | | |
| | Slayers Revolution estará también en manga | | 2008-04-10 11:26:22 | | La revista Dragon Age anunció que, a partir del mes de mayo, se estará publicando dentro de la misma la serie Slayers: Revolution. Ya se sabía desde antes que la misma estaría de vuelta como un OVA, y existían rumores de su regreso a la televisión, pero su aparición en manga parece corroborar que se trata de un esfuerzo realmente serio. Hasta ahora, parece que si se conservarán muchos de los personajes de la historia original, pero se estarán agregando nuevos al elenco, al parecer para llamar a las nuevas generaciones. Sólo queda esperar el resultado. | | By: Wild Anime | | |
| | Slayers Revolution, asi se llama el nuevo anime de Slayers. | | 2008-04-08 10:33:17 | | El nuevo titulo se dio a conocer en el último numero de la revista Dragon Magazine, y a pesar de que sale una gran imagen de Xellos con frases que apuntan a que él será el nuevo protagonista de la serie todavía no hay nada confirmado.Por otra parte Megumi Hayashibara, cantante y seiyuu de la serie, revelaba en el programa de radio TBS que estaba deseando saber cual seria su primera palabra para Lina y que estaban trabajando para que doblasen la serie los siguientes seiyuus; Megumi Hayashibara como Lina Inverse, Yasunori Matsumoto en el papel de Gourry, Masami Suzuki será Amelia, Hikaru Midorikawa hará de Zelgadiss, y Akira Ishida como Xelloss | | By: Wild Anime | | |
| | Olympic Protests Hint at a Global Revolution | | 2008-04-07 13:06:42 | | Just as the IOC’s decision to host the XXIXth Olympic Games in Beijing signaled a massive shift in the global balance of power and capital, so has it pried open the floodgates of a transnational movement for revolutionary change. This is an unprecedented struggle for multiple worlds that has multiple authors, multiple constituents, multiple visions [...]
| | By: blixity | | |
| | Ron Paul keeps the Revolution on track! | | 2008-04-07 06:32:41 | | Ron Paul held a news conference at Indiana University of Pennsylvania in support of his candidacy for the Republican presidential nomination. "What kept me going ... I think it was the enthusiasm from my supporters. They just wouldn't let me go away," he told a small group of reporters. That's the point. Ron Paul has supporters across the USA determined not to let the message of change die. Come the presidential election in November, John McCain's support base will fizzle out the next day and go its separate ways. Ron Paul's support base will carry on.By staying in the race, Ron Paul is making a statement. That the convention matters, and that his viewpoints and those of his campaign need to be heard. The other contenders all folded their tents, now trying to flog off the remnants in camping stores!Richard McCloud, an unemployed labourer, is a good example of a Ron Paul supporter. McCloud drove two hours from Uniontown to Indiana University of Pennsylvania to see the Texas congressman | | By: A View from Middle England by Arden Forester | | |
| | | The 2009 Camaro An Automotive Revolution | | 2008-04-04 07:26:00 | | As far as I can see the new 2009 Camaro concept car is being very well received in the automotive community, at the first a lot of people hemmed and hawed about one thing or another, just the same as I did, But after spending some time doing a little research on it, I discovered that the 2009 Camaro is a very well put together car for a concept car.A the first I thought that it could use a few upgrades, but after thinking about it, there were a lot of Camaro fans putting in their two cents when Chevrolet took the Camaro out of production, in 2002, and I thought that Chevrolet had made a horrible mistake at the time.The result of a lot of people telling Chevrolet what they thought the new Camaro should be, has made it a real work of art, and I for one will give Chevrolet their kudos, they have put a lot of effort in to making the Camaro a car that most people could like, and if they didn't at the first, then they'd get used to it.At SEMA the CEO of Chevrolet drove out in the new Camaro | | By: Auto Blog India by Infibeam | | |
| | Ron Paul’s New Book: The Revolution - A Manifesto | | 2008-04-03 13:35:30 | | It is an absolute must that anyone who considers him or herself even a nominal lover of America and/or freedom read statesman Ron Paul’s upcoming book: The Revolution: A Manifesto.
The book will be a complete expose of many of the fallacies, foolishness and wrongheadedness of our current American political and policy landscape.
To put it simply, [...] | | By: Ponder This | | |
| | | Mobile Phones - A Revolution! | | 2008-04-03 06:11:00 | | The mobile phones are and would always be one of the significant inventions of the 21st century which have become so popular in the recent times. The miniaturize device, which we know as the mobile phone is capable for doing a lot of things at one time and thus it has become significantly popular in the todays time. It is not a single device but a mobile phone is device which has been equipped of a lot of features in it. It can well be your music system, Internet tablet, camera, mini computer, c | | By: Cell Phones in India | | |
| | | Sedu Revolution Hair Styler - Amanda’s Choice | | 2008-03-30 17:31:00 | | Sedu flat iron model 2008 - Amanda’s beauty secret
Amanda came to us - She was anxious to give us a Sedu revolution review - to tell us about the Sedu new 2008 model. She said it wasn’t the Sedu flat iron, it wasn’t the Sedu curling iron. It was both of them in one product [...] | | By: Inspector Beauty | | |
| | The Video Search Revolution will be Contextualized | | 2008-03-28 06:25:01 | | If you’ve been wondering how online video can be adequately searched or monetized, then video search company Digitalsmiths has some answers for you. At a luncheon hosted by the Triangle Interactive Marketing Association last week, Digitalsmiths CEO Ben Weinberger gave an impressive demo of his company’s video search technology. VideoSense is an ad-matching and video [...]
| | By: Strategist.org.uk - Business and Technology News | | |
| | It’s like the American Revolution. We (re)learn it every year. | | 2008-03-24 22:15:27 | | TIFFANY: *doing homework* Stacy, what’s precipitation?
ME: It’s weather. :|
JENNIFER: It’s like, all forms of water that fall onto the Earth. The water cycle and stuff.
TIFFANY: Jennifer, how did YOU know that?!
JENNIFER: I’m learning this in Physical Science right now.
ME: … We’re covering this (atmospheric stuff) in AP Environmental Science right now.
TIFFANY: *dying of [...] | | By: the cloudy dreamer/stacy | | |
| | The Black Crowes - "Goodbye Daughters of the Revolution" | | 2008-03-21 03:11:00 | | The Black Crowes acaban de publicar nuevo disco, después de siete años de silencio discográfico. "Warpaint" es el título del nuevo álbum, sucesor de "Lions", publicando en el 2001. Aquí os presentamos el vídeo del primer single del disco, "Goodbye Daughters of the Revolution".
www.blackcrowes.com
Festivaleros :: Música, Conciertos y Festivales
| | By: Festivaleros | | |
| | Tony Blair has called for a "global environment revolution" | | 2008-03-16 06:20:00 | | The former prime minister has been joining international experts on climate change in a bid to drive forward efforts to reduce global carbon emissions.Mr Blair said: "We have reached the critical moment of decision on climate change. There are few if any, genuine doubters left."Even on the mildest application of the precautionary principles, failure to act on climate change now would be deeply and unforgivably irresponsible."
| | By: Ecology News Feed | | |
| | The revolution in footwear fashion continues. | | 2008-03-11 04:25:00 | | It's hard to believe that there was once a time when shoes were made simply for walking; today, a variety of footwear exists not only to serve the function of protecting feet, but also for the purpose of personal display. For many people, the essence of their personal style is emitted primarily by their footwear. Long gone are the days when plain heels and flats were the only options available to women; today, a variety of women's footwear aims to provide diversity in order to please a variety of shoe fans.One such shoe manufacturer is Red or Dead. This season, Red or Dead shoes have brought out a selection of footwear designs reflects high fashion trends, yet still delivers some timeless classics. Boots are a prominent feature: the Red or Dead Hilda, for instance, is a knee high black boot with a lace that ties all the way up to the top. With its round toe and moderate heel, it is likely to appeal to women who like their boots warm and functional, but are also looking for a slightly | | By: Women's Fashion | | |
| | peaceful revolution | | 2008-03-10 11:45:50 | | The world is in chaos nowadays. Everyday we wake up with problems, we hear these horrible news in televisions and radio and we work hard to survive in our daily living. Who would not want a peaceful revolution in consciousness and value? Did you know that there is now what people called the technique for a new earth? Yes! we could bring the presence that we are into manifestation. Let Sedona show you the way! Learn The Sedona Method. It is the forefront of the wave of awakening. It is a simple, powerful, easy-to-learn and duplicate technique that shows you how to uncover your natural ability to surrender – or let go.a new earth | | By: Life's Journey | | |
| | Rappelz - Revolution | | 2008-03-08 15:09:04 | | Rappelz is a free-to-play massively multiplayer online role-playing game. The game is developed by the Korean company nFlavor which the publishing company Gala-Net Inc bought in 2007. | | By: Free 4 All | | |
| | | Steal this Revolution | | 2008-02-28 19:58:00 | | Most people my age who were politically active in the sixties and seventies don't talk about it much with those who weren't-- or who weren't even born. The Establishment-- remember that word?-- has been very successful in trivializing and stereotyping the counterculture, while never failing to make a buck wherever possible. To speak openly about the sixties tends to evoke laughter and eye-rolling, especially among our children. Everybody who wasn't there thinks they know what it was all about. Keep talking and you'll find out we're responsible for the increasing disrespect of children for their parents, the rise in crime and single parenthood, and, of course, AIDS.I often think about the disconnect between my own experience and the "common perception, " especially when I compare organizing against the Vietnam war with organizing against the war in Iraq.(Now, I know the first thing that is jumping to many people's minds is the difference in which those of us against the wars treat t | | By: Michaelann Land | | |
| | | | Niche Research Revolution With Free Ebook Bonuses | | 2008-02-23 07:53:39 | | How To Make MoneyWith Thirty NichesNiche Research RevolutionThirty Niches ResearchedWith StatisticsStep By Step Marketing PlansProduct(s) For Each NicheWith Free Ebook BonusesFree Ebook BonusesThe Complete Article Writing And Marketing GuideThe Complete Internet Advertising Guidehttp://wishing.nrr2008.hop.clickbank.net/ | | By: Free Jobs At Home Blog | | |
| | Business Welcomes the Individualization Revolution | | 2008-02-19 11:02:54 | | The necessity of individualism within business boils down to one simple fact: a person’s productivity is maximized through combined harmony and industry. That means that when an individual can recognize and celebrate their own style, and they have an attitude of wanting to be industrious, they are able to produce at the utmost level with [...] | | By: Online Business Alliance & Niches | | |
| | Buy Party Pills - Join The Party Revolution | | 2008-02-17 01:48:31 | |
It only takes just one or two pills to put you in the zone for hours. Find an all new plane of exestance with each pure dose of a very unique mind expanidng party pill. All products from e3p are BZP free and are totally legal in all 50 states in the USA and almost [...] | | By: Party Pills and Legal Highs | | |
| | | Off The Cuff: How Do You Start A Revolution? | | 2008-02-06 16:08:01 | | Presenting The CaseI am thinking a lot about the concept of revolution, these days. At this point, most people in the United States can agree that something has gone terribly wrong. We may disagree about when it started to go that way (my personal contention being “with Teddy Roosevelt”), or how far away [...] | | By: Celestiniosity | | |
| | | | Pimp my tractor: the Valtra Revolution | | 2008-01-28 16:01:09 | | Filed under: Etc., Videos
Finnish tractor maker Valtra has just the thing for the likes of Huggy Bear, Snoop and Ice-T when they decide to find a little plot out in the country and tend the garden. Valtra took a T-191 and, in a makeover worthy of Galpin Auto Sport, loaded it up with goods to [...] | | By: Car O Focus | | |
| | The revolution won't be microwaved | | 2008-01-28 09:37:00 | | "The restoration of the Clintons to the White House would trigger a new wave of all-out political warfare. That is not all Bill and Hillary's fault - but it exists, whomever you blame, and cannot be ignored. Hillary Clinton doesn't pretend that it won't happen - she simply vows to persevere, in the hope that her side can win. Indeed, the Clinton's joint career in public life seems oriented toward securing victory and personal vindication." - The State, January 22, 2008It's a testament of how the utter disaster that is the Bush administration can make me lose sight of why the second-term incarnation of the Hil & Bill show left such a bitter taste in my mouth. They alternate between prickly and sleazy while spreading cherry picked disinformation about their opponents as the gospel. It doesn't take a rocket scientist to see that the Clinton Machine will steamroll right over anybody in their way toward the Oval Office, and they're demonstrating that in spades. Innuendo, character assas | | By: Just Another Girl On The IRT | | |
| | Transgenic Fish Commencing The Blue Revolution | | 2008-01-20 22:35:00 | | Genetic engineering processes are being applied to a wide variety of organisms. Aquatic animals are being engineered to increase aquaculture production, for medical and industrial research, and for ornamental reasons.By using recombinant DNA techniques rather than traditional mating, scientists have created transgenic fish. The” new” DNA is introduced into the fish either by direct insertion into the eggs or by subjecting them to electric pulses.The fast booming application of transgenic fish technology has led to many valuable discoveries in different disciplines of the biological sciences, many of which could potentially lead to the next breakthrough in new treatments for human diseases.The National Institute of Science and Media along with distinguished writer Joel Ball has a series of books published on biotechnology and science which provide an in-depth knowledge on the recent advances made in the field. To know more about the other NISM titles visit us online at www.w2il.org | | By: The National Institute Of Science Media | | |
| | Biotechnology Begins A New Industrial Revolution. | | 2008-01-20 22:09:00 | | With the advent of biotechnology a new age has arrived in the industrial sector. The industrial biotechnology is facilitating a new industrial revolution that can bring a cleaner future with better products at lower cost.The industrial biotechnology is revolutionizing the way we can produce energy, chemicals, electricity, hydrogen and other products. By harnessing nature’s unique ability to make biocatalyst, industrial biotechnology can now be employed to convert previously unusable agricultural waste products to energy and biodegradable products.Industrial biotechnology is widely applied in the industrial sector to manufacture various products such as biohydrogen, biopolymers, ethanol, nutritional oil, rayon, vegetable oil, vitamins.Students and researchers can get in-depth knowledge on various aspects of biotechnology from the books published by the National Institute of Science and Media.Joel Ball, is an eminent writer on biotechnology and science under the NISM publications.To kn | | By: The National Institute Of Science Media | | |
| | Biotechnology Begins A New Industrial Revolution | | 2008-01-20 22:08:00 | | With the advent of biotechnology a new age has arrived in the industrial sector. The industrial biotechnology is facilitating a new industrial revolution that can bring a cleaner future with better products at lower cost.The industrial biotechnology is revolutionizing the way we can produce energy, chemicals, electricity, hydrogen and other products. By harnessing nature’s unique ability to make biocatalyst, industrial biotechnology can now be employed to convert previously unusable agricultural waste products to energy and biodegradable products.Industrial biotechnology is widely applied in the industrial sector to manufacture various products such as biohydrogen, biopolymers, ethanol, nutritional oil, rayon, vegetable oil, vitamins.Students and researchers can get in-depth knowledge on various aspects of biotechnology from the books published by the National Institute of Science and Media.Joel Ball, is an eminent writer on biotechnology and science under the NISM publications.To kn | | By: The National Institute Of Science Media | | |
| | News: revolution calling you | | 2008-01-19 17:19:50 | | News:
19-01-2008:
Enter for a chance to appear - and sing live - on stage at the Queensryche show in your town!!
3 FINALISTS will compete on stage prior to Queensrÿche to sing with the band later that night in the show, and the winner will be automatically entered in a national contest for a chance to be flown to Seattle, WA for the band’s homecoming show on March 1, 2008, where they will
This is a content summary only. Visit Truth In Shredding to find out more!
| | By: Truth In Shredding | | |
| | Cuba - The Football Revolution | | 2008-01-17 13:14:47 | | Cuba’s passion for sport is palpable all over the island. The difference these days is that Cuba’s traditional preference for baseball and boxing is being replaced by football fever. Ronaldinho stands over the ball with Ballack in front of him, he passes to Totti and shoots as Messi comes towards him, the goal, is [...] | | By: Pan 2007 | | |
| | OLAP revolution! can't wait to see every kid with one | | 2008-01-14 13:13:00 | | One Laptop Per Child Looses Intel Posted by samc on January 4th, 2008 Intel is pulling out of the One Laptop Per Child program, which it joined in July, reports the NY Times. The XO PC is based on the freely available Linux operating system and uses an Advanced Micro Devices processor. It is being sold for about $200 apiece to governments and institutions, but both Intel and Microsoft have developed competing systems that OLPC saw as a threat to their vision. Intel claims that Negroponte asked the chipmaker to stop selling its Classmate PC. The Classmate PC was one of the sources of friction between Negroponte and Intel before they joined forces in July, reports C/Net. Negroponte went on 60 Minutes in May and accused Intel of dumping Classmate PCs below cost in order to keep OLPCs out of the hands of needy children. Intel and OLPC were working on an Intel-based version of the XO laptop, according to Agnes Kwan, an Intel spokeswoman, but the OLPC insisted that Intel end its production of the Classmate PC. Even more surprising, Intel is saying that the OLPC actually asked the chipmaker to stop working with any company that produces low-cost laptops, such as the $300 Asus’ Eee PC (above) which has become a run away best seller. The new Eee is said to use Intel’s Menlow platform which sports a Silverthorne 45nm processor and Wimax.source : dailywireless.org | | By: for bored mindz | | |
| | Zeitgeist: The Revolution IS Now… and it starts with you. | | 2008-01-10 00:30:17 | | “El sistema entero en el que vivimos, nos enseña que no tenemos poder, que somos débiles, que la sociedad es mala y está llena de crimen y demás… ¡es todo una enorme mentira! Somos poderosos, hermosos, extraordinarios. No hay razón por la que no podamos entender quiénes somos realmente, hacia dónde estamos yendo. No hay [...] | | By: el baloO* | | |
| | The New Wellness Revolution | | 2008-01-07 01:01:00 | | In 2002, The Wellness Revolution was the "shot heard round the world" for the wellness industry. It defined wellness as an industry—linking tens of thousands of disparate service and product suppliers with a single cause. It showed scientists, fitness providers, businesspeople, food manufacturers, doctors, and others focused on disease prevention and anti-aging that they were part of a worldwide revolution—rather than merely lone iconoclasts inside their chosen professions or industries. Five years ago, in The Wellness Revolution, economist Paul Zane Pilzer outlined an emerging $200 billion industry he called "wellness." Today, as fully explained in The New Wellness Revolution, that industry has grown to $500 billion, and it's just getting started, offering even greater entrepreneurial opportunities.Buy Xango Today | | By: Xango Juice | | |
| | Techno Source Rubik's Revolution | | 2008-01-02 07:13:14 | | Techno Source Rubik's RevolutionTechno Source puts a whole new spin on a classic toy. Based on the famous Rubik's Cube, the Rubik's Revolution offers six fast-paced electronic games packed in one cube with lights, sound effects, and increased levels to keep you playing this gadget for hours. Rewarding fast hands and fast thinking, this electronic toy is recommended for all ages 5 and older.Spin On A Classic GameBuilt in the exact shape and size of the original Rubik's Cube, the Rubik's Revolution features six different colored sides -- each with its own game. Unlike the original toy, the sides of this plastic cube don't rotate to solve a single puzzle. Instead, each fixed face of the cube has a lighted button in its center square. When you turn on this electronic toy, the talking cube asks you to press a color button for one of the six games. This robotic woman's voice also calls out the colors and gives you your score at the end.6 Fast-Paced Games "Light Speed" requires you to turn off the lighted cube lights as they pop up. The faster you can do it the greater the challenge and the better your score will be. In "Rapid Recharge" it's your mission to light up the entire cube at once -- and quickly -- before the squares fade out. Like the memorable game of Simon, "Pattern Panic" challenges you to memorize and repeat a growing sequence of lights. Logic and reason could help you crack the secret code in "Code Cracker," while "Cube Catcher" is a race against the clock to turn off as many lights as possible. Last but not least, "Multiplayer Madness" lets you compete against your friends. Passing the cube back and forth, you have to turn the lights off faster and faster before time runs out. The last player not eliminated is the winner.Fun, Easy, and AddictiveCaution: this fun cube game may be addictive. While the hard plastic cube holds up to heavy use, including the occasional fall as players pass it back and forth in "Multiplayer Madness," the holographic colo | | By: a Toy info : Find all the latest toys | | |
| | | | The Wireless Revolution: Even Better in 2008 | | 2007-12-28 10:27:00 | | Great read this week by BusinessWeek's Stephen Wildstrom, titled, "Just Ahead: A Wider Wireless World."In the article, Wildstrom notes that 2008 could bring the long-heralded revolution in wireless communications, and that fast, wireless data will become more widely available, the choice of data devices and mobile handsets will expand, and service just might get cheaper.Why?Because February 2009 marks the date of the shutdown of analog television broadcasting, and the subsequent conversion to digital TV.Why is this such a big deal?Because it's going to free up space that is currently occupied by UHF channels 52 to 69. Some of which will be given to police and fire departments; the rest will be auctioned off in January, 2008.And here's 3 reasons why that's a big deal:1. It increases the total bandwidth for wireless networks (in the spirit of competition, this is mucho good).2. The relatively low frequency - around 700 MHz - penetrates buildings well (mucho good for wireless phones | | By: WirelessJobs.com | | |
| | Premium Joomla Theme - Business Revolution | | 2007-12-26 01:34:00 | | A new theme has been released at Gavick, the Business Revolution Joomla! theme for June 2007. The new Business Revolution template includes a new Experimental Control Panel using the Mootools framework. This accessibility control panel for the users that gives them the flexibility to change the appearance of the template to suit their preferences. This new design includes 15 module positions, 8 module variations for each color style is valid XHTML and CSS, and also includes the Image Slider Module wchich use cool mootools framework to display your images in Joomla! website Download Premium Joomla Theme - Business Revolution | | By: FREE Templates, Nulled Scipts | | |
| | revolution | | 2007-12-18 16:45:29 | | There is a revolution coming that will impact the earth in signs and wonders from the heavens above. As the world grows closer to the end of the age we will see sin and immorality abound more and more and the power of Jesus more and more as well. people will be distinguished by the gods they serve. Whether it is Jesus or sin and death, the world will know you by your fruit. That is why we as Christians need to stand firm and digest the word so that we can bear good fruit, and know how to walk in truth. When we choose to live our lives for God He is pleased. He knows that His sons and daughters are arising for the most glorious day that is approaching. Christ's return.But I think that The Lord is the most pleased when we, living in the worst and hardest times, choose to live for Him instead of following after vain imaginations and sins. He LOVES that we will love Him when there are so many other things to love. That is the Revolution. Christians Loving God so much they are willing to sacrifice sin for walking in righteousness.When we worship God, all else fades away. If you are sinning and know you want God, worship and pray to Him and continually day after day seek and pray to Him to fill you with His holy spirit and read the scripture and you will find that He will change you. You do not need to change to come to Jesus, He will change you.
| | By: Illumination | | |
| | Ron Paul Revolution RADIO | | 2007-12-13 22:41:03 | | This is a great development in the Ron Paul campaign and the Liberty Movement:
Ron Paul Revolution Radio
www.rprradio.com
Check it out and spread the word! The Internet provides a lot more information than the “Old” Media and this is one example of what will be a growing movement.
(NOTE: to listen through the Net, click the “Listen [...] | | By: Ponder This | | |
| | Join the Pay Per Play Revolution | | 2007-12-13 13:26:38 | | Do you get a fair amount of Traffic to your site/blog? If yes ? Great! You can get paid for it! Get paid on 100% of your website traffic, no clicks necessary! How is this possible? A revolution in advertising is taking place, millions of dollars are being earned, will you miss the boat? Get a guaranteed 100% conversion rate on your website visitors?All of this is possible! Just click on the the link below and sign up for a FREE account and start making money!http://www.sellingppp.com/a.cgi?ppp=1205294486 | | By: Making money | | |
| | | Beceem Leads the WiMAX Revolution Right Here in India | | 2007-12-11 04:19:00 | | Beceem Communications (www.beceem.com), the leading provider of terminal chipsets for Mobile WiMAX, announced that more than 10 commercial Mobile WiMAX devices have been designed with Beceem's industry leading BCS200 chipset, and will be shipping into Mobile WiMAX networks around the world in 2008. These products, primarily PC modems (USB dongles, PC cards, Express cards) and low-cost desktop modems, comply with the new Mobile WiMAX standard for which the Department of Telecommunications has recently allocated 2.5 GHz spectrum to be auctioned off to service providers like BSNL, Reliance, Tata Communications and Bharti in 2008, finally clearing the way for large scale- Mobile WiMAX deployments in India.Beceem started developing its industry-defining chipsets four years ago in its R&D center in Bangalore, and its CTO and co-founder is one of India's most eminent technology visionaries, Dr. Arogyaswami Paulraj. Under the guidance of Dr. Paulraj, Beceem has led the WiMAX ecosystem by lau | | By: Brand Mantra | | |
| | Dance Dance revolution , nuevo juego de High School Musical 2 | | 2007-12-05 20:26:22 | |
Llegará a las tiendas el 8 de enero de 2008: “Dance Dance Revolution: Disney Channel Edition”. El mágico mundo de Disney llega a los jovenes con el nuevo DanceDanceRevolution, juego para la PS2. .Algunos de los más populares personajes de la red de Disney Channel, combinan los grandes bailes populares con [...] | | By: High School Musical 3 | | |
| | | The Ron Paul Revolution | | 2007-11-29 17:29:08 | |
As I look at all the Presidential candidates, very few are representative of the change that we keep talking about. Most of the candidates appear to be just the same old thing, classic politicians. We have been electing this type of person for far too long. Ron Paul, who gets little attention from the media, doesn't seem to fit this mold. After visiting his website and reading where he stands on the issues, I now see why he is drawing attention from the voters. His commitment to staying true to our Constitution is unparalleled. I don't believe any of the other candidates have made reference to letting the Constitution be our guide. Ron Paul seems to have one consistent message, he doesn't appear to be using tactics designed to pull emotional strings such as bringing up Hillary Clinton. I don't agree with all his viewpoints, but that can be said for any candidate.I am concerned about his ability to lead and unite this country, but I have the same concern about all t | | By: Miscellaneous Reflexions | | |
| | BECOME A PART OF AN INDRUSTRIAL REVOLUTION | | 2007-11-20 21:48:55 | | JOIN LOTANERV’S E TEAM and RECEIVE A FREE GIFT
Copy and paste this url your address bar to get LOTANERV’S WORDPRESS widget on YOUR site or blog
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| | | Blogging Zoom- The Blogging revolution | | 2007-11-01 13:19:42 | | If your blogs has massive amount of traffic and you do not need any do not read this post,This post is about a tool that would make the dream of every blogger true if we would promote this tool it's Blogging Zoom,Blogging Zoom looks similar to digg and others in the homepage but it's totally a different tool that will not benefit us only one traffic but in SEO too.Here is a list that i could get about the difference between blogging zoom and others:1) Give bloggers the opportunity to submit every post written to a place where they can benefit from professional SEO expertise. For those of you who struggle to get search engine traffic, this alone can help your blog to grow exponentially. This entire system will be based on the fact that we will promote your individual posts. Before you start worrying that we will be charging for this, stop right there - this service will be 100% free.2) Provide a social hub where bloggers can share ideas, learn to better themselves, and receive deserve | | By: Make moeny Online with a 12 years old Kid | | |
| | | Time Travel to China's Cultural Revolution | | 2007-10-24 11:52:00 | | For tourists to China the experience of Mao's rule is mostly just pages in a school history textbook. But now there's a way to get a pretty authentic taste of life during the Cultural Revolution: eat in a Commune Mess Hall restaurant.These restaurants are apparently appearing throughout China, and the Guangzhou branch in the south of the country is getting some press attention. The restaurant staff dress in Red Guard uniforms, revolutionary songs form the musical soundtrack to your dining experience and propaganda posters adorn the walls. Fortunately, though, the food comes from more modern perspective.
| | By: China travel news | | |
| | RENATO ZERO and Italian sexual revolution (30 videos) | | 2007-10-20 21:25:00 | | Blogalaxia Tags: musica italiana italia videos Renato+zero revolution+sexual
glamour
"renato+zero" glamour "sexual+revolution" sorcini fan video music italian "italian+music"
The first 45 I ever buy was "The Triangle", one of first success of RENATO ZERO. I know that artist is not very know out of Italy, but in Italy is one of most love singer. The reason is easy: is the '70's Icon of sexual...
[[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]]
| | By: CANZONI ITALIANE - ITALIAN SONGS | | |
| | Kreator - Violent Revolution | | 2007-10-14 16:24:40 | | Kreator is a thrash metal band from Germany (Essen). They started in 1982 under the name Tormentor.
They have released 11 albums (check your price):
- Endless Pain - October, 1985
- Pleasure to Kill - November, 1986
- Terrible Certainty - October, 1987
- Extreme Aggression - June, 1989
- Coma of Souls - November, 1990
- Renewal - 1992
- [...] | | By: MetalInMyMind | | |
| | NEW Baby Monitor - Great revolution from UCD | | 2007-10-14 16:08:44 | | NEW Baby Monitor - Great revolution from UCDI have tell you in my previous post about the important of baby monitor for our baby safety. with baby monitor we could always monitor our baby if we want to left our baby alone in his room. The brand of the monitor is not important, but you could choose Sony baby monitor or Tomy baby monitor, its up to you.The thing you must give high attention to the baby monitor is the function of the monitor to keep our baby safe. I have a good news which come from University College Dublin (UCD, they have found a new invention on baby monitor which will be on market this late spring.This revolutionary baby monitor not only record our baby sound but could monitor our baby breathing too, its amazing.They claimed that this baby monitor could help to force the risk of cot death of our baby. If our baby stop breathing, this baby monitor will known, and the alarm will be activated.This is the short news from the great new baby monitor from UCD:A REVOLUTIONARY new baby monitor which guards against the risk of cot death and offers parents greater peace of mind was unveiled yesterday.The device, which will be in the shops by late spring, not only tracks sound but also an infant's breathing. If respiration stops, an alarm sounds immediately.The monitor, which is being developed by a team at University College Dublin, also measures breathing patterns so parents can tell whether their child is asleep or awake."It means you don't have to go into the room and check, which can cause the baby to wake up," said project promoter Philip de Chazal.The UCD team has also developed a sleep monitoring programme for adults which can track the breathing patterns associated with chronic health problems such as heart failure and the life-threatening breathing disorder -- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Sleep patterns also help track the early warning signs of other diseases including Alzheimers.Read the full story of this baby monitor here. And if you interested, wait for the product in this late spring :).Related post: Baby Monitor Shoot NASA?Tag:baby monitor | | By: Baby First Year | | |
| | Revolution OS, subtitulada | | 2007-10-13 19:54:00 | | Ayer hablando con un amigo en casa, le comenté sobre el documental que habla de GNU/Linux y el Software Libre.Encontré el documental COMPLETO subtitulado en español, los subtítulos se ven medios apretados y un poco incómodos para leer, pero se entienden...y el inglés que hablan es muy claro también.Disfrutenlo ;) ...gracias dios..digo, gracias Youtube.Parte 1Parte 2Parte 3Parte 4Parte 5Parte 6Parte 7Parte 8Parte 9 (final) | | By: Blog | Martin Sagastume | | |
| | NEFA Foundation: 1920 Revolution Brigades Accuses Al-Qaida of Stoking Infighting Among Iraqi Insurgents | | 2007-10-13 08:42:14 | | The 1920 Revolution Brigades -- a prominent Sunni militant group linked to the Iraqi Muslim Brotherhood -- has issued an irate response to recent criticisms by Abu Omar al-Baghdadi and other spokesmen for Al-Qaida's "Islamic State of Iraq." In its statement, the 1920 Brigades dismissed these claims as "an effort at settling a score or possibly even the product of a personal agenda." The 1920 Revolution Brigades also issued its own set of counter-allegations, accusing Al-Qaida in Iraq of engaging...(read more) | | By: An American Warning | | |
| | The Industrial Revolution Unplugged: An Interview With Author Gregory Clark | | 2007-10-12 21:44:28 | | The topic below was originally posted in my blog the Intrepid Liberal Journal as well as the Independent Bloggers Alliance, The Peace Tree and Worldwide Sawdust.Our current world of globalization, technological advancement and the widening schism between rich and poor stems from the Industrial Revolution. Indeed, the Industrial Revolution is arguably the most important historical watershed in human history. So why did it happen in eighteenth-century England? Furthermore, how come the unprecedented economic growth it produced only served to make parts of the world even poorer?Conventional wisdom is that the Industrial Revolution resulted from the development of stable, political, legal and economic institutions in seventeenth-century Europe. Many assume factors such as geography, natural resources or exploitation were behind the Industrial Revolution. A decade ago, Jared Diamond postulated in his best selling and Pulitzer prize winning book, Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies, that natural endowments such as geography were largely responsible for differences in the wealth of nations.Gregory Clark, a professor of economics at the University of California, Davis as well as department Chair, is posing a direct challenge to Diamond and our longstanding belief of why the Industrial Revolution happened. In his recently published book, A Farewell To Alms: A Brief Economic History of the World (Princeton University Press), Clark contends that culture not imperialism or geography explains the wealth and poverty of nations.His provocative book has garnered much attention and provoked considerable debate. Tyler Cowen of the New York Times wrote late last year that,“Professor Clark’s idea-rich book may just prove to be the next blockbuster in economics. He offers us a daring story of the economic foundations of good institutions and the climb out of recurring poverty. We may not have cracked the mystery of human progress, but ‘A Farewell to Alms' brings us closer than before."Still others take issue with Clark’s suggestion that culture is far more influential than institutions in generating economic growth. In a New York Times review in August, Robert P. Brenner, a historian at the University of California, Los Angeles is quoted as referring to Clark’s idea of genes for capitalist behavior as a “speculative leap.” Prior to even reading Clark’s book, conservative Andrew Sullivan wrote the following for his blog in August, “Conservatism has long posited that human nature has no history. But what if it does? What if genetic adaptation occurs more swiftly among humans than we once believed? This implies that human nature is actually more plastic than we have long thought - but generationally, not individually. It suggests that different populations may have not just different cultural but different genetic inclinations. It means that some populations may therefore have different skill-sets than others, and even different aptitudes with respect to complex systems like, liberal democracy, that require specific habits of mind and custom. It means that these facts about human societies across the globe may be somewhat stubborn things in the short term, if not in the long.If these ideas undermine parts of conservatism (its belief in unchanging human nature in history), they also entrench others (that societies cannot be abstracted from their moment in time or culture). These ideas also suggest, of course, that a place like, say, Iraq, will not soon muster anything like the skills and practices for a Western European democracy. These are my wild-eyed inferences from a book I have not yet read.“ Yet Clark’s book also a difficult pill to swallow for liberals idealists like me who believe in activism to promote peace, justice and prosperity on a global scale. Personally, I believe factors beyond culture such as natural resources, geography and hostile neighbors are largely responsible for defining cultures. Hence, I further believe that activism is required to help influence those factors that shape cultures and hopefully facilitate worldwide prosperity and social justice.Putting my own misgivings about some of his conclusions aside, Clark’s book is compelling, scrupulously sourced and contains an abundance of remarkable facts. Clark graciously agreed to a telephone interview with me about his book. Below is a transcript of our conversation.******************************************************************************ILJ: Professor before we delve into the substance of your book let’s talk about why you embarked on this project in the first place. Why is it so important to establish why the Industrial Revolution happened?Clark: Well, the industrial revolution is actually one of those amazing puzzles of world history. And it’s something that’s up there with things like String Theory in physics and quasars in astronomy. It’s how we got here. It’s how we have the modern world. And the puzzle is why did it occur only 200 years ago when people were around for at least a hundred thousand years before that? One of the reasons it was fun to write this book is that you could actually explain this puzzle in terms that any intelligent person can understand and let them see why it is such an amazing puzzle about why history would take that particular form. Whereas with things like quantum mechanics I certainly know I’m never going to understand that stuff (laughs)!ILJ: I’m curious as to how you compiled the impressive historical data you utilized. Whether one agrees with your arguments or not, and I’m skeptical about some of your conclusions, the information you accumulated whether it’s last wills and testaments from men in the 1600s or pre-industrial fertility rates is quite astounding. I found myself transfixed by all the data presented in your charts and graphs. How did you obtain access to this data as well as economic surveys from hundreds of years ago?Clark: Well, I’m a specialist in English economic history. And that’s actually one of the countries that is the best documented, going way back to the middle ages. I’ve been working on this book for twelve years. I’ve been in this field for twenty-five years. And then the other thing is I actually love to read anthropology and that provided this whole other source of data. And then I’ve been teaching for the last fifteen years effectively world history courses. So the great thing is you gradually get exposed to more and more evidence and more and more materials. And what’s nice about this particular history is this is a very obscure corner of the academic realm.People are just not aware of how useful and interesting various bits of information we have from the past are. How we can estimate how literate the upper Roman classes were, or what was the speed of travel for information in the ancient world. We actually do know all these things so part of the fun of the book was to reveal to people that there is this amazing body of information about the past. So it’s partly my own research and partly just drawing on this huge body of knowledge that scholars in economic history and anthropology have assembled.ILJ: So you really were combining two disciplines: economics and anthropology?Clark: Yeah, I’ve always had an interest in anthropology and also particularly in socio-biology. When I was in graduate school at Harvard I listened to all sorts of lectures from evolutionary anthropologists. So for me it was fun just to try and bring different types of evidence and arguments together in this book and expand people’s idea of what economic history is about. It’s more than just boring stuff about prices and wages.ILJ: Professor, a reoccurring theme in your book, especially the first part of your book covering the pre-Industrial Revolution is what you term the Malthusian trap, named after Thomas Malthus who in 1798 wrote “An Essay On the Principle of Population.” For the benefit of those who haven’t read your book or the work of Thomas Malthus for that matter, what is the Malthusian trap?Clark: Well here is an interesting piece of intellectual history. Malthus was writing just as the world he was describing was coming to an end. It’s interesting that just as that world was ending he finally figured out its true nature. The problem with all societies prior to 1800 was that technological advance was very slow.In a world with slow technological advances and unrestricted fertility (or at least very modestly restricted fertility), when technological advances occur living standards are increased in the short run. But those increased living standards result simply in fewer people dying and more people being born, and that drives up the population. With a fixed land endowment that just drives wages down back to some kind of subsistence level.So in all of the world before 1800, technological advancements were absorbed into population growth. None of it got translated into any long-term increase of living standards. That’s the Malthusian trap that existed before 1800. And that produced a topsy-turvy world in which all our intuitions about what is good for society turn out to be wrong.ILJ: That leads to my next question. In Chapter five about life expectancy you note that the cultures in China and Japan respectively practiced superior hygiene then their European counterparts during the pre-industrial era. Did the Europeans, England especially, perversely benefit from inferior hygiene because their populations were kept down from plagues while the standard of living for those who survived, were enhanced?Clark: Yes, this is one of the paradoxes of history and an example of why this book is meant to be bold and controversial. It’s previously been known that England and the Netherlands had very high living standards compared to most pre-industrial societies in the eighteenth century. People have identified that with an idea of greater economic progress in those societies. What my book argues instead is that living standards were good there not because of any sophistication of their economies, but because of the nature of hygiene practices across different societies in the pre-industrial world.For a country like Japan living standards were only 1/3 or ½ of those in Western Europe. But that was because in Japan people bathed every day, and they carefully separated human waste products from people. When they used human waste in agriculture they carefully treated it to eliminate bacteria. They swept the floors of their houses. They swept the streets. Japan was a very orderly, hygienic society. But that has the perverse effect in a Malthusian world that you can live, you can sustain the population, at a much lower subsistence level. Material consumption can be much less, yet people still survive, and enough children can be born that the population can be replenished in each generation.Whereas if you look at pre-industrial Western Europe, these people lived truly filthy (laughs). Before 1800 in England, no one seems to have bathed! It was just a relatively rare activity. For example Samuel Pepys, who was a high English civil servant in the 1660s, kept a famously detailed diary for almost ten years. And he records every minutia of his life. That’s why it’s so fascinating for historians. In that entire time he records his wife having a bath once!ILJ: Yes, it was like a big event! (laughs)Clark: Yes, it’s a notable event! And he actually notes that she “pretends to becoming clean (laughs). But we’ll see how long that lasts!” And apparently she never again took another bath in this decade.ILJ: (laughs)Clark: And she wouldn’t let him come to bed with her that night because he was filthy. People didn’t bathe. Another thing is that in cities like London, what did people do with human waste? They stored it in their basement until it was emptied every few months by the night soil men. So they’re living on piles of shit in the richest areas of pre-industrial England. And Pepys again in his diary records going down into his basement when his neighbor’s waste storage has overflowed, and he’s stepping on turds!It’s just very interesting how little attention Europeans paid to hygiene and the book argues that everything in a Malthusian world that kills off the population – plagues, war, disease - actually ends up making the population richer because fewer people have to die because of the misery of every day life and material existence. We can actually see that English living standards in 1450 where double those of the 18th century even though there was much less technological advance. The reason for that is because the “Black Death” was raging across Europe in that period.ILJ: Just to follow up on that, if I interpret the data you present correctly, those who survived, and you coined the phrase “survival of the richest” in your book, enjoyed a superior standard of living because there were less people to divide the wealth among and they passed that wealth onto their descendants. Your contending that passing on wealth to offspring facilitated a culture of patience because for them survival wasn’t contingent upon immediate consumption. Do I have that right?Clark: Yes. Pretty much. One of the implications of this Malthusian existence, and this is deeply embedded in this Malthusian picture of the world, is better economic conditions allow people to be more successful reproductively. Within any of these societies there is a huge range of living standards. There are very poor people and very rich people. Those rich people, because they enjoy so much better material consumption, should be able to produce many more surviving children. The way this happens is you have more living space, you have more food, more changes in clothing. You have cleaner water. So we would expect in this society we would have a Darwinian element. Only two children will survive to adulthood in any period of the pre-industrial world because the population can only change slowly. But amongst the rich you’ll have many more than two children surviving. Among the poor, many fewer. And we can observe this process when reviewing 16th and 17th century England. It’s a very strong process.So the rich are taking over this society biologically. That leads to the question, does this get transmitted from one generation to the next? If you have the rich in one generation, are their children also likely to be rich? Are their children also likely to be successful economically and reproductively? It turns out we can show in England that’s the case.This raises the intriguing possibility that if the rich are different from the poor, either culturally or genetically, then this process may be gradually transforming society because the rich and their descendants are taking over all the positions in society. So if it was a genetic advantage the rich had, there may actually be genetic changes in this long Malthusian interval between the arrival of settled agriculture and the Industrial Revolution.It turns out we have very clear evidence of changes in peoples preferences over this long pre-industrial interval. The example the book gives is that people were becoming more patient as the Industrial Revolution approached. The measure of patience in these pre-industrial societies is the interest rates? Because the interest rate tells you much you have to reward people to own land or own houses. How much do you have to pay them not to consume immediately, but instead own that asset and wait for future consumption? If you go back to ancient Babylon they had mortgage markets but the interest rates were typically twenty to twenty-five percent. If you go to medieval Europe their interest rates were ten to twelve percent for things like land. By the eve of the Industrial Revolution the return on land in England dropped to about four percent. So in the pre-industrial world interest rates seem to indicate the amount of patience people are exhibiting.ILJ: One element of your book I found ironic is your challenge to Adam Smith, considered the founding father of capitalism, who in 1776 published The Real Wealth of Nations. Smith postulated that the rule of tyrants and their institutions undermined incentive for productivity because the ruling class ultimately confiscated any wealth that was produced. You contend that pre-industrial England had plenty of incentive for producers, such as limited government and low taxes, yet prosperity still wasn’t generated. Hence, Smith who is identified with the ethos of limited government actually postulated that the ruling class can positively or negatively influence economic policy with activist government. Why do you believe Adam Smith was wrong about that?Clark: Well, since I’ve published the book I’ve come under criticism from intellectual historians. So, I think what I should be careful to identify it’s the modern image we have of what Smith was about, rather than Smith himself. I’m not a historian of economic thought, so what I mainly want to emphasize is the message we’ve taken from Smith, the Smith we’ve constructed.Smith is regarded as arguing that growth results from getting the correct economic incentives, which results from getting the right set of economic institutions. That’s really an incredibly strong founding principal of modern economics, the idea that people really are at base the same everywhere. If you can only get the incentives correct, then economic growth will result. So, the book strongly takes issue with that.I’m saying that economists have had to construct a false history of the world. They’ve had to imagine a pre-industrial past that is, you know, a cross of Brave Heart and Monty Python’s Holy Grail and all the bad movies about medieval England. An image of rape, and pillage, disorder and violence, and serfs groaning under the weight of the lords emerged about medieval England.My knowledge of medieval history, and this is one of the areas I’ve studied in detail, shows that picture is just unsustainable. If the World Bank was to now score medieval England against modern economies in any objective way, in terms of what are the incentives for production and for innovation, medieval England would score much more highly than somewhere like modern Sweden – which is a very rich and successful society. One way that shows up is, for example, in the average government tax rate for medieval England? It’s one percent. In low tax America we’re closer to forty percent, and in places like Sweden they’re even close to sixty percent in terms of how they’re taking from any extra earnings of the average wage earner.Medieval England had absolute price stability. It had almost no government debt. It had very strong security of property. People who invested in land in local villages, who needed a ten percent return in order to make that investment, had absolute property security. We can see through the course of 500 years that lots of these land plots were transferred properly from one legal owner to another. They had a free market. And they had huge incentives. If you produced you ate, if you didn’t produce you starved. For example we can see from the records that in 1316-17, in the last great famine that England experienced, poor people died and the rich lived (laughs).ILJ: (Laughs)Clark: You had every incentive to acquire assets in this world. Assets could be the difference between life and death. And yet this was still a world with very, very slow economic growth. Almost none. So one of the things the book is saying is look, modern economics in some sense is a cult. It’s like pre-modern medicine, where you keep repeating these same ineffective treatments. They keep failing. In the book I provide lots of other instances where good economic institutions are not associated with economic growth. That’s why I’m saying there has to be some other thing required, and what the book is arguing is that there really are important cultural processes that take place before you get modern economic growth. If we neglect that we’re never going to understand the true nature of economic growth. And so we really need to move away from incentive explanations, and what the book is saying is that history is illuminating about this and we really need to know more about that history.ILJ: Now if I interpret your book correctly, it’s your provocative contention that the industrial revolution happened in England ahead of Japan, China, India or her European rivals because of a cultural evolution instead of institutions established by the ruling class. Specifically this cultural evolution encompassed what we would term middle class or bourgeoisie values of thrift, hard work, nonviolence, negotiation and patience. Couldn’t one argue however that what really gave the English a leg up on their rivals was their superiority at imperialism, colonization and subjugation of other peoples for their material benefit?Clark: Well, it is absolutely the case that the English were very successful colonists in this area. But the book is at pains to stress that the Industrial Revolution was home grown. It is the result of people in England innovating, introducing new processes in a way that they did not do earlier, as a result of changes in the culture. Not as a result of better incentives. And the book does acknowledge that events outside England, particularly England’s great access to food supplies from the Americas, its access to cotton from colonies, helped magnify that process. But the book strongly stresses that the break, the move toward higher productivity growth rates, is really a homegrown feature of England.Further I go on to look at the relationship between England and India in the nineteenth century. India was England’s great colony in this period. Everything the English did, they didn’t mean it this way, but everything they did should have led to the industrialization of India. They were not systematically exploiting India. They were in fact offering India the enormous possibility of becoming the second great industrial power in the world. That didn’t happen, but it wasn’t because of anything the British did. It was because of what happened internally in India. Because of India’s weak responses to the new incentives the British Empire offered. And so the book says look, it’s not that the imperialists had any kind of good motives, it’s not that we should admire them in anyway, but in the case of something like British imperialism, it was actually, if you believe modern economics, it was actually a force for rapid world economic development and that Britain gained very little directly from its colonies. Most of Britain’s gains actually came from Britain’s internal processes of economic change.ILJ: It seems to me you have adroitly combined elements of the classic nature/nurture divide. You’re contending that the intrinsic human characteristics of a growing economy were nurtured in England and became part of that society’s DNA – that so called middle class values were passed on almost genetically. And then around eighteen hundred, after years of this cultural development, a critical mass was achieved and the industrial revolution happened. But wasn’t pre-industrial Japan a civil society with laws and customs that resembled England’s? Couldn’t it be argued that England had advantages transcending culture over the Japanese such as a more powerful imperial empire? I know you’re saying it’s home grown and you do acknowledge in your book some of the outside cultural advantages England had. But couldn’t one argue that those outside forces were even more powerful than what was homegrown since there was many parallels between Japanese and English society?Clark: Oh yes. The interesting thing is that there were actually surprising parallels between England and Japan in this period. But what the book says, I want to emphasize, is that the Industrial Revolution was going to occur somewhere. There were a bunch of societies that all seemed to be moving in the same direction. One of them was going to achieve the breakthrough into modern industrial society. And there were element also of luck and accidents in that. But England on most of these dimensions was the society that had moved furthest along.So if you compare England and Japan you can see similar kind of processes in England and Japan. But that Japan looks like England three hundred to four hundred years earlier. The book is contending that if England never had an Industrial Revolution, then likely somewhere like Japan within three hundred or four hundred years would’ve actually made that breakthrough towards a modern world. There were just accidents of British history that gave the English the lead, and one of them was that the demographic system in pre-industrial England really created an enormous reproductive advantage for the upper classes. In Japan, their demographic system only created a modest advantage for the Samurai class. Consequently, there wasn’t the same kind of cascade downward into the merchants and mechanics ranks of the excess children of the upper classes that you get in someone like England. And so the book is still sympathetic to accident and contingency, but it’s saying you can still see a pattern. Another feature of England is the incredible stability of the English economy. It’s actually internally very boring from the Middle Ages on.ILJ: (Laughs)Clark: And that’s one of the reasons England is so incredibly well documented is because nothing ever gets destroyed! (laughs)ILJ: (Laughs)Clark: Even the Civil War results in almost no destruction for the economy … the Civil War of 1642. So one of the things this allows is for these basic demographic processes that are changing the composition of the English population to be much more rapid than in other societies where there is more disruption, invasion, chaos which disrupts these demographic processes. But the basic thing the book emphasizes is that this was a common trend across long settled agrarian pre-industrial societies. That China, Japan and England are not that different by the time you get to 1800 but England is further along in this process.ILJ: Your postulating that only long established stable societies develop the necessary cultural characteristics for economic growth. It seems to me that a society’s economic development is influenced by so many variables, such as geography, access to fresh water, whether or not a society has been conquered or how long they’ve been subjugated, profoundly influences whether or not that society develops the cultural characteristics needed for economic growth. For all the impressive data your presenting - and it should be noted that your peers do not dispute your data, they’re very impressed by what you’ve done - isn’t it a leap of logic to say that culture is the cause of economic growth instead of those variables determined by fate which influence culture? How can we really know if it’s the chicken or the egg?Clark: Oh yeah. This is always a problem. Again, to be clear the book is saying when we look at the modern world it’s beginning to resemble again the world pre- 1800. The great actors of economic life are beginning to look like those of 1800. It’s Europe and European offsprings. East Asia and East Asian offsprings that are becoming the world’s great economic powers again, and that looks exactly like the world before 1800.But the argument of the book is that was because the long histories of these societies gave them an enduring cultural advantage in terms of modern economic competition. The puzzle then that comes up is why did these societies have such long histories of agrarian settlement. That’s when you might say that maybe Jared Diamond could be right in terms of saying geographical advantages these places had in the beginning gave them much longer access to settled agrarian society. And so when you come down to it, the book seems to be posing a mechanism by which these societies have an advantage that is completely different from the one that Jared Diamond suggests. But in the end, I will admit, you can still think geography played a role. But not current geography. Now it turns out we’re in a world where most societies have equal access in terms of geography and the possibilities of economic growth. Maybe some landlocked African economies don’t. But most, a huge number do have equal access now. But I am not denying there maybe geographical advantages in the distant past that may have moved groups from hunter gatherers to agrarian societies in Europe and in China much earlier than in other parts of the world.ILJ: Fair enough. Professor Clark you’ve been very generous with your time. A final question if I may sir. Assuming all your conclusions about the importance of culture in facilitating the industrial revolution are correct, what lessons can we draw from history as we try to influence economic growth in the underdeveloped world in the 21st century?Clark: Well, the lesson is unfortunately a little pessimistic. But I think one thing that is important is that for fifty years institutions like the World Bank have been applying the same kind of medicine. And it’s like pre-industrial doctors, you try bloodletting, and when it doesn’t work, you conclude let’s do more bloodletting.ILJ: (Laughs)Clark: And there is this emphasis now, it seems, a very strong emphasis, on achieving good government in a bunch of African societies which really have a hard time maintaining Western style governments. But yet when you look you see someone like China growing very rapidly with a very corrupt government, terrible social institutions, and the rule of law really evaded on a massive scale (laughs).ILJ: (Laughs)Clark: And so when you see this you think maybe to focus all your energies on institutions is not the way to go. What the very clear problem, say, within these African societies, is that even inside production enterprises it’s very hard to get people to cooperate in production in a way that makes workers have high value. And the shocking thing that’s occurred recently is that in Zambia and Malawi, where Chinese entrepreneurs have moved into these very poor African countries, wages are much lower now then they are in most of China. But they’ve actually been importing Chinese workers in factories in sub-Saharan Africa.ILJ: That’s ironic.Clark: And encountering a lot of local opposition. The puzzle then is it seems just very hard to get people to cooperate effectively in production in these societies. I think that says this is an area where we really must examine what is going on here. One interesting idea is that the nature of modern technology is very demanding in terms of how careful workers have to be, how exactly they have to follow rules. So one thing to think of is there any way to develop other technologies more forgiving of the cultural histories of these societies? Another thing to look at is if we expose workers more to the kind of Western high income economic life and send them back would that actually help in changing workers attitudes and changing the economic life of those societies? But I don’t have any simple recipe for economic growth, and anyone who does is someone you should avoid.ILJ: (Laughs)Clark: I do think that we’re looking in the wrong place, and have been systematically. And it’s the ideology of economics that pushes us there but it’s very clear that it is the wrong place. So it’s at least worth considering, given the true constraints, what can we do? How can we operate? What are the processes we can set in place? And if we are going to solve the problem of poverty in sub-Saharan Africa, the solution is going to come in a very different form then the followers of Adam Smith are going to accept.http://www.relaywave.com/pingRelayWave.php
| | By: The Peace Tree | | |
| | Revolution Bundchen | | 2007-10-10 06:38:00 | | Alguien escribió: “ Sé un revolucionario, dá la vida por tus ideales y resucitarás en una remera”Sin dudas el Che, nuestro Che, resucitó miles de veces, millones de veces. Es más: nunca se fue desde el momento en que Korda lo inmortalizó a través del lente de su Leica. Y hoy, a 40 años de su fusilamiento vuelve a resucitar ¡pero esta vez en la bikini de la modelo brasileña Gisele Bundchen!Y miren que lo hizo otras veces desde el tatoo en el brazo de Maradona hasta quien sabe en cuantos lugares más por el mundo.Lejos de polemizar por el uso de la imagen de quién murió defendiendo los ideales de la libertad, amén de que muchos compartan o no los métodos, no me parece una falta de respeto el hecho de que aparezca en cuanto objeto se pueda vender con su esfinge. Aunque esto es una ironía, ya que aquel que luchó contra el capitalismo, hoy se menea al ritmo de las curvas de la top model.¿Pero acaso está mal eso? Si es una manera de seguir viviendo y demostrar que aún | | By: De Partuza y algo mas.. | | |
| | Revolution Money, tarjeta de cr??dito y pagos por internet | | 2007-09-27 20:08:45 | | En los pr??ximos d??as espero comentar varios de los proyectos que se est??n gestando alrededor de las finanzas personales, la banca online, la inteligencia colectiva aplicada a la econom??a y los sistemas de pago. El primero de ellos es Revolution M […]
Ver nota completa en Error500 - Tecnolog??a + Internet + Conocimiento
Innet Tags: pr??ximos, d??as, [...] | | By: Bits de negocios | | |
| | The Revolution Will Not Be Televised | | 2007-09-19 07:06:26 | | Known as one of the most influential forefathers of rap, Gil Scott-Heron’s uncompromising lyrical style and verbal agility inspired legions of artists, particularly rappers. A gifted writer, poet, and composer Gil emerged as one of the most engaging artists during the 70’s and 80’s. His articulate, no-nonsense approach to music allowed him to create [...] | | By: Listen Think React | | |
| | The Industrial Revolution | | 2007-09-06 13:16:07 | | Voices mutter empty promises from the world beyond - the one that keeps turning beyond the window with everyone doing their little bit to keep pushing with palms and feet on wheels, keys and mice. The world is spun from promises. The music of the spheres recites dates, statistics and payments. The cog turns another notch. Black coffeemud and chained cigarettes oil the machine, otherwise grinding and whining at full steam as soon as I'm awake - earlier than I intended, like Wellington saying 'hallo' to a red fizzing dawn. London burns with low calorie chatter while the Luddites hide in daytime TV caves like chaos magicians playing with nylon and Oyster cards just enough to make it all work for them, nothing more. I am not a mouse in a wheel. I am not a God turning the lever. I am a man in a world that spins, regardless of my promises, regardless of whether I push it or not - my own music on loop bidding "get it done, get it done". The world spins, on and on, regardless. Everything is | | By: The Boy Who Could But Didn't | | |
| | Join the Tea Revolution! | | 2007-08-16 00:20:29 | | Revolution Tea has started a real revolution in the tea industry. Instead of the teas we are accustomed, Revolution Tea has brought us innovative tastes like Sweet Ginger Peach and Earl Grey Lavender.
Revolution Tea has perfected these blends and more by utilizing the skills and knowledge of master blenders and herbalists. The Revolution Tea [...] | | By: thepinkc | | |
| | Projekt Revolution Tour Hits West Palm Beach | | 2007-08-15 22:27:06 | | Linkin Park, My Chemical Romance, and Taking Back Sunday performed during the Projekt Revolution show at Sound Advice Amphitheatre on Friday (August 10) in West Palm Beach, Florida. Check out pictures from FilmMagic and Corbis. Watch fan filmed highlight clips from YouTube....
| | By: Rockdirt.com - Rock Music News | | |
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